Türkiye faced significant challenges in 2022 and 2023, marked by transformative events both domestically and internationally. The invasion of Ukraine by Russia in February 2022 triggered profound shifts in global security dynamics, with implications felt far beyond state actors. Terrorist and non-state actors closely monitored these developments, recognizing strategic opportunities amid the upheaval. Concurrently, Türkiye grappled with a devastating earthquake in February 2023, prompting widespread devastation and necessitating extensive recovery efforts. These events underscored the interconnectedness of security challenges and the imperative for proactive measures to address emerging threats.

Amid regional turmoil, Türkiye’s strategic security outlook remains focused on countering terrorism, particularly the PKK. Against the backdrop of ongoing conflicts in Syria and Iraq, Türkiye confronts the persistent threat of mass migration and instability spillover. In response, Türkiye has implemented measures to secure its borders, including the establishment of buffer zones within Iraqi territory to prevent terrorist infiltration. As the PKK undergoes internal transformations, Türkiye remains vigilant in adapting its counterterrorism strategies to address evolving threats and maintain regional stability.