Israel has been enhancing its military capabilities by extensively using AI technologies in both defense and offensive operations. Defense systems like the Iron Dome use AI-supported radars to detect and intercept missile threats automatically, thereby minimizing human intervention and increasing operational efficiency. Similarly, AI-based offensive systems such as Habsora and Lavender offer autonomous functionalities by eliminating human involvement in target detection and attack planning. However, the employment of these technologies in civilian areas has resulted in substantial civilian casualties, and open sources provide substantial evidence that Israel has violated international law during these military operations.

U.S. President Donald Trump continues to make scandalous statements regarding the future of Gaza. His remarks about the expulsion of Palestinians from the Gaza Strip have sparked outrage worldwide. These statements were followed by comments about “an announcement on the annexation of the West Bank within a month” and later, “the transfer of Gaza to the U.S.” and “its reconstruction.”

A full year ago this week, I was in Ankara for a meeting. When Hamas launched its attacks on October 7, the Palestinian issue quickly became the main agenda. It became evident that Israel was facing significant security vulnerabilities, and there was much discussion about the timing of Hamas's actions. There was a consensus that Israel would respond disproportionately. It was clear that the conflict between Israel and Hamas was entering a new phase, and discussions were underway about the steps needed for a political resolution after the conflict. Looking back a year later, it’s hard to believe that no one expected Israel to shift into a "perpetual war" mode by rendering Gaza unlivable and extending the conflict to other countries.

The present Report examines Israel’s attacks from legal perspective depend ing on the relevant rules of international law. In this sense, the Report handles three main issues. The first is whether Israel’s attacks can be justified on the basis of the right to self-defense. The second concerns the violations of international humanitarian law and the related crimes resulting from the violations. Finally, the Report evaluates the ongoing judicial processes initiated against or related to Israel.